Bank Addressing Examples No Bank Conflicts No Bank Conflicts Linear addressing, stride == 1 permutation Random 1:1 Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Thread 15 Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bank 15 Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread 15 Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bank 15 Performance Considerations – Slide 23
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Bank Addressing Examples (cont.) Two-way Bank Conflicts Conflicts Eight-way Bank Linear addressing stride == 2 Linear addressing stride x8 Thread Bank 0 Thread 0 Bank 0 == 8 0 Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread 1 2 3 4 8 9 10 11 Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bank 15 Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread Thread 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Thread 15 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 7 Bank 8 x8 Bank 9 Bank 15 Performance Considerations – Slide 24
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Linear Addressing Examples s=1 s=3 Thread 0 Thread 1 Bank 0 Bank 1 Thread 0 Thread 1 Bank 0 Bank 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Bank 2 Bank 3 Thread 2 Thread 3 Bank 2 Bank 3 Thread 4 Bank 4 Thread 4 Bank 4 Thread 5 Thread 6 Bank 5 Bank 6 Thread 5 Thread 6 Bank 5 Bank 6 Thread 7 Bank 7 Thread 7 Bank 7 Thread 15 Bank 15 Thread 15 Bank 15 Performance Considerations – Slide 29
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Finding the Climate Data for Your Hometown • To find the average temperature and precipitation for your hometown go to http://www.worldclimate.com. • Type the name of your hometown in the search box and click enter. • You may not find your hometown. If your hometown is not listed go to a larger city near your home. • Be sure to use the data from a location that has both average temperature and average precipitation. You may want to write this data on a piece of paper or print it out.
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; System outputs: What is your hometown? http://cs.mst.edu
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MORE CHARTS TYPES Stacked Column Chart 100% Stacked Column Chart 3-D Column Chart Bar Chart Line Chart Area Chart X Y (Scatter) Chart Stock Chart Surface Chart Doughnut Chart Bubble Chart Radar Chart 8
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XP Modify 3-D chart options • A 3-D chart has several options for modifying the 3-D effect. – Perspective is the illusion that parts of the 3-D chart that are farther away from you decrease in size – Elevation is the illusion that you are looking at the 3-D chart from some particular height—either above or below the chart – You may also rotate the 3-D chart to bring different parts of the chart to the forefront • • • Elevation and rotation are options that you can change with the 3-D View dialog box, available from the Chart menu. Excel creates each 3-D chart with a default elevation, rotation and height. To change the appearance of a 3-D chart once you have created one, make sure it is an active chart then click Chart on the menu bar and then click 3-D View. ‫ﴀ‬New Perspectives on Microsoft Office 2003, Premium Edition Excel Tutorial 4 27
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Hometown Bank Example 6.3 The operations manager of the booking services department of Hometown Bank is concerned about the number of wrong customer account numbers recorded by Hometown personnel. Each week a random sample of 2,500 deposits is taken, and the number of incorrect account numbers is recorded. The results for the past 12 weeks are shown in the following table. Is the booking process out of statistical control? Use three-sigma control limits. © 2007 Pearson Education
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Details: Parallel Memory Architecture In a parallel machine, many threads access memory  Therefore, memory is divided into banks  Essential to achieve high bandwidth Each bank can service one address per cycle  A memory can service as many simultaneous accesses as it has banks Multiple simultaneous accesses to a Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank Bank 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bank 15 bank result in a bank conflict  Conflicting accesses are serialized Performance Considerations – Slide 22
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Using climographs to compare the climate of Chongqing, China to the climate of your hometown: • Which are the warmest months in Chongqing, China? • Which are the warmest months in your hometown? • Which are the coolest months in Chongqing, China? • Which are the coolest months in your hometown? • Which place has the highest average temperature for the year? • Write a sentence comparing the average monthly temperatures in Chongqing to the average monthly temperatures in your hometown.
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Some Simple Queries Auto 677 Red 17 Company 17 People 654 6 Ford 99… 9 135 6546 Kevin 135 677 25 City 135 Orlando Florida Where do do all all the the Kevin’s Kevin’s live? live? Where Retrieve People.Hometown.Name People.Hometown.Name Retrieve Where People.name People.name == ‘Kevin’ ‘Kevin’ Where Who live live in in Orlando? Orlando? Who Retrieve People.Name People.Name Retrieve Where People.Hometown.name People.Hometown.name == ‘Orlando’ ‘Orlando’ Where
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std::string input limitations string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; cin >> name; cout << “What is your hometown?”; cin >> hometown; System outputs: What is your hometown? http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input limitations string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; cin >> name; cout << “What is your hometown?”; cin >> hometown; Instead “Marshall” is pulled from the buffer and into hometown http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; Delimiter Character is NOT included in input; it’s discarded. http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; System outputs: What’s your name? http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; User enters: Janis Joplin http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; User enters: Port Arthur http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; System outputs: Janis Joplin http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string input fix // getline(input_stream,string_var,delimiter_char); string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name, ‘\n’); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown, ‘\n’); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; System continues output: Janis JoplinPort Arthur http://cs.mst.edu
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std::string alternative fix string name; string hometown; cout << “What’s your name? ”; getline(cin, name); cout << “What is your hometown?”; getline(cin, hometown); cout << “Name: “ << name; cout << “Hometown: “ << hometown; http://cs.mst.edu
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