. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . – 6 km main damping ring in tunnel separate from main linac, storing one full . . . bunch train – 6 km predamping ring in same tunnel as main damping ring, storing a second full bunch train – On each machine pulse: • Fully damped beam extracted from main damping ring • Partially damped beam extracted from predamping ring and injected into main damping ring • Undamped beam injected directly from source into predamping ring . . . • Tolerances on predamping ring (beam emittance and stability) are significantly relaxed compared to main damping ring. • I mplications of different predamping ring schemes for sources an d for main damping ring need further study. . . . . .. . George Gollin, WG3 summary, SLAC ILC-America, October 2004 .. . . .. . . . . 2/ 16 . I Physics P llinois .... . .. . . . . .. . . . . . 21 . . .. . . . . . . . sources . .Predamping ring can have. major benefi . t for positron . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . aperture can be much larger in a ring with a larger natural . • Dynamic . . .. . . . . . . emittance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dispersion lead to weaker sextupoles. . . . . – Lower chromaticity and. larger . . . . . . . • . Several schemes are .possible. One example: . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Introduction to the new mainframe Storage areas in an address space z/OS V1R13 BAR Problem (user) programs Run here LINE CVT (offset 16 (hex10) within PSA) All storage above 2 GB This area is called high virtual storage and is addressable only by programs running in 64-bit mode. It is divided by the high virtual shared area, which is an area of installation-defined size that can be used to establish cross-address space viewable connections to obtained areas within this area. Extended areas above 16 MB This range of areas, which lies above the line (16 MB) but below the bar (2 GB), is a kind of “mirror image” of the common area below 16 MB. They have the same attributes as their equivalent areas below the line, but because of the additional storage above the line, their sizes are much larger. Nucleus This is a key 0, read-only area of common storage that contains operating system control programs. System queue area (SQA) (2048 MBs)This area contains system level (key 0) data accessed by multiple address spaces. The SQA area is not pageable (fixed), which means that it resides in central storage until it is freed by the requesting program. The size of the SQA area is predefined by the installation and cannot change while the operating system is active. Yet it has the unique ability to “overflow” into the CSA area as long as there is unused CSA storage that can be converted to SQA. Pageable link pack area (PLPA), fixed link pack area (FLPA), and modified link pack area (MLPA) This area contains the link pack areas (the pageable link pack area, fixed link pack area, and modified link pack area), which contain system level programs that are often run by multiple address spaces. For this reason, the link pack areas reside in the common area that is addressable by every address space, therefore eliminating the need for each address space to have its own copy of the program. This storage area is below the line and is therefore addressable by programs running in 24-bit mode. CSA This portion of common area storage (addressable by all address spaces) is available to all applications. The CSA is often used to contain data frequently accessed by multiple address spaces. The size of the CSA area is established at system initialization time (IPL) and cannot change while the operating system is active. LSQA/SWA/subpool 228/subpool 230 This assortment of subpools, each with specific attributes, is used primarily by system functions when the functions require address space level storage isolation. Being below the line, these areas are addressable by programs running in 24-bit mode. User Region This area is obtainable by any program running in the user’s address space, including user key programs. It resides below the line and is therefore addressable by programs running in 24-bit mode. System Region This small area (usually only four pages) is reserved for use by the region control task of each address space. Prefixed Save Area (PSA) This area is often referred to as “Low Core.” The PSA is a common area of virtual storage from address zero through 8191 in every address space. There is one unique PSA for every processor installed in a system. The PSA maps architecturally fixed hardware and software storage locations for the processor. Because there is a unique PSA for each processor, from the view of a program running on z/OS, the contents of the PSA can change any time the program is dispatched on a different processor. This feature is unique to the PSA area and is accomplished through a unique DAT manipulation technique called prefixing. © Copyright IBM Corp., 2010. All rights reserved. Page 42 of 85
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Example: from Tkinter import * root = Tk() frame = Frame(root) frame.pack() bottomframe = Frame(root) bottomframe.pack( side = BOTTOM ) redbutton = Button(frame, text="Red", fg="red") redbutton.pack( side = LEFT) greenbutton = Button(frame, text="Brown", fg="brown") greenbutton.pack( side = LEFT ) bluebutton = Button(frame, text="Blue", fg="blue") bluebutton.pack( side = LEFT ) blackbutton = Button(bottomframe, text="Black", fg="black") blackbutton.pack( side = BOTTOM) root.mainloop()
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Optimal Taxes on Consumption Introductory Example to Optimal Taxes Suppose cigarettes cost $1.00 to produce each pack, and there are enough competing producers that the no-tax market price equals unit cost, $1.00. Suppose my benefits from smoking are: first pack, $2.30; second, $1.60; third, $1.10; fourth, $0.60; and so on. Suppose your loses from my smoking are $0.40 per pack. Question 1: How many packs do I smoke in the competitiveequilibrium? Is that consumption efficient? (Hint: On the 3 rd pack, I gain $0.10 consumer surplus, but you loose $0.40) Question 2: Name a tax on cigarettes that’s so high that the tax equilibrium is inefficient. (Hint: Without tax, on the 1st pack, I gain $1.30 surplus and you loose $0.40.) Question 3: Name a tax on a pack of cigarettes that makes the tax equilibrium efficient. (Hint: Compute efficient # of packs?) BA 210 Lesson III.4 Externalities 4
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . Large acceptance injection ring: . . . . . . . . . . . . • (340 . . . . – 6) = 334 ns circumference . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . • assemble . a single bunch train by injecting successive bunches. into . .. . . . this ring at the tail of the train already orbiting the injection ring • transfer entire bunch train into the damping ring in one orbit . . . . . . . . Large acceptance damping ring (6 ns bunch spacing) Small acceptance extraction ring: • (340 + 6) = 346 ns circumference . . . .. . . .. . George Gollin, Damping ring kickers, SLAC ILC-America, October 2004 .. . . . . I Physics P llinois .... . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . • transfer one entire bunch train from the damping ring • extract by kicking the last bunch in the train on successive orbits 12 . . Separating injection, damping, extraction functions . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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37. Murre with 6-pack plastic ring
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Advantages of RFID over barcodes  Unique Identification Barcode identifies type of object while the RFID identifies the object uniquely Example: When product is purchased at Walmart and is scanned for billing the information that is scanned can be said to be as “Kleenex tissue pack-10 count” In fact each identical pack will scan the same information Whereas the RFID tag would scan the same pack as “Kleenex tissue pack-10 count serial no. ABC1239086” and each pack thus will generate unique information(identification). 1/29/09 UAHuntsville 9
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Secure Cross-Site Ajax Requests Server’s Scuta Configuration Ring 0 Ring 1 Browser’s Escudo Configuration Originbased Ring Mappin g Ring 0 Ring 1 Ring 2 Ring 2 Case 2
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TESLA overview: damping ring beam Damping ring beam: • One pulse: 2820 bunches, ~20 nsec spacing • length of one pulse in damping ring ~17 kilometers • Eject every nth bunch into linac (leaving adjacent bunches undisturbed) 17 km damping ring circumference is set by the minimum bunch spacing in the damping ring. Reduced minimum bunch spacing would permit a smaller damping ring. Damping ring cost (~214 M €) will drop somewhat with smaller rings 6 George Gollin, UTA LC 1/10/03 I Physics P llinois
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A LAN Alternative: Token Ring Collisions tend to exacerbate traffic problems on congested Ethernet LANs, so an alternative to the CSMA/CD approach is desirable. message Ring Computer Computer Computer Computer TOKEN Computer Computer message TOKEN message Computer Computer Computer Computer Computer Computer Computer Token Ring uses a ring topology, with a specially formatted “token” message perpetually traversing the ring. When a machine wishes to transmit, it merely waits for the token to arrive, removes it, and transmits its message. When its message returns to the transmitting machine, it’s removed from the ring, and the machine places the token back on the ring. Chapter 15 Networks Page 6
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Top Occupations Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing Cluster % Change, Jobs 2014 2009-2014 Occupations Team Assemblers Machinists Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand Helpers--Production Workers Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Mfg. , Except Technical and Scientific Products Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Median Hourly Earnings Entry Level Education 155 137 98 8% -2% 36% $12.1 $18.6 $16.3 High school diploma or equivalent High school diploma or equivalent High school diploma or equivalent 63 19% $23.9 Postsecondary non-degree award 63 24% $13.4 High school diploma or equivalent 61 30% $15.3 High school diploma or equivalent 61 7% $17.1 High school diploma or equivalent 53 10% $15.6 High school diploma or equivalent 43 115% $17.6 High school diploma or equivalent 42 11% $17.8 High school diploma or equivalent 33 -11% $10.4 High school diploma or equivalent 30 25% $11.3 Less than high school 29 38% $10.2 Less than high school 29 26% $22.8 High school diploma or equivalent 28 -7% $18.9 High school diploma or equivalent Note: SOC (Standard Occupation Classification) 5-digit occupations are included by jobs in 2014. Extended proprietors include estimates for underreported self employment, proprietorships, trusts, partnerships and cooperatives. section 02 ​Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2015.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors). 25
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Top Occupations Primary Metal Manufacturing Cluster Occupations Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers Maintenance and Repair Workers, General Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Helpers--Production Workers Jobs 2014 % Change, 20092014 32 52% $17.5 22 83% $23.9 20 33% $16.4 17 70% $15.6 17 113% $15.7 16 0% $17.1 High school diploma or equivalent 15 150% $13.4 High school diploma or equivalent 14 -30% $14.2 High school diploma or equivalent 13 63% $10.2 Median Hourly Earnings Entry Level Education High school diploma or equivalent Postsecondary non-degree award High school diploma or equivalent High school diploma or equivalent High school diploma or equivalent Less than high school High school diploma or Industrial Machinery Mechanics 13 225% $19.6 equivalent High school diploma or Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers 12 200% $16.3 equivalent Note: SOC (Standard Occupation Classification) 5-digit occupations are included by jobs in 2014. Extended proprietors include estimates for underreported self employment, proprietorships, trusts, partnerships and cooperatives. Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and High school diploma or 12 500% $14.4 Tenders, Metal and Plastic equivalent Industrial Truck andsection Tractor Operators 12 140% $14.4 Less than high school 02 High school diploma or ​Source: EMSIand Class of WorkerMetal 2015.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended Pourers Casters, 11 0% proprietors). $12.6 equivalent 30
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Plastic Deformation (Metals) 1. Initial 2. Small load bonds stretch & planes shear elastic + plastic 3. Unload planes still sheared plastic F F Plastic means permanent! linear elastic linear elastic plastic  Chapter 6 - 3
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Universal Waste Lamps Emergency Procedures (Cont.) How should I clean up a broken fluorescent bulb? 1. Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more. 2. Carefully scoop up the fragments and powder with stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a sealed plastic bag. Use disposable rubber gloves, if available (i.e., do not use bare hands). Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes and place them in the plastic bag. Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces. 3. Place bag in a box to prevent leakage or puncturing of the bag 4.Transfer plastic bag to a broken lamp storage box 5. Wash your hands after disposing of the bag. If a fluorescent bulb breaks on a rug or carpet: 1. Use procedure above to scoop up fragments and power, use duct tape to pick up small fragments. 2. If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken, remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister) and put the bag or vacuum debris into a sealed plastic bag. 3. Place bag in a box to prevent leakage or puncturing of the bag 4.Transfer plastic bag to a broken lamp storage box 5. Wash your hands after disposing of the bag. .
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